Pathophysiology of age-related diseases

Obesity-Related Digestive Diseases and Their Pathophysiology

Obesity is a growing medical and public health problem worldwide. Many digestive diseases are related to obesity. In this article, the current state of our knowledge of obesity-related digestive diseases, their pathogenesis, and the medical and metabolic consequences of weight reduction are discussed. Obesity-related digestive diseases include gastroesophageal reflux disease, Barrett's esophagu...

MicroRNAs in age-related diseases

Aging is a complex process that is linked to an increased incidence of major diseases such as cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disease, but also cancer and immune disorders. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs, which post-transcriptionally control gene expression by inhibiting translation or inducing degradation of targeted mRNAs. MiRNAs target up to hundreds of mRNAs, thereby modu...

Immunological aspects of age-related diseases

The proportion of elderly people rises in the developed countries. The increased susceptibility of the elderly to infectious diseases is caused by immune dysfunction, especially T cell functional decline. Age-related hematopoietic stem cells deviate from lymphoid lineage to myeloid lineage. Thymus shrinks early in life, which is followed by the decline of naïve T cells. T-cell receptor repertoi...

The Genetic Component of Age-related Diseases

become the longest-lived in human history and life expectancy continues to lengthen. Diseases and disorders that affect the nervous system more often in aging persons are being diagnosed in record numbers in the United States: up to 6.8 million suffer from dementia; approximately 4 million have Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a number expected to jump to 14 million by the year 2050; and up to 1.5 mil...

Multivariate Multilevel Modeling of Age Related Diseases